to prick

* * *

pungo, pŭpŭgi, punctum, 3 (old fut. perf. pepugero, Att. ap. Gell. 7, 9, 10; perf. punxi, acc. to Diom. p. 369 P.:

pupungi, in pungit, punxit, pupungit,

Not. Tir. p. 131; scanned pŭpūgi, Prud. steph. 9, 59), v. a. [root pug-, to thrust, strike, whence also pugil, pugnus; Gr. pux, etc.], to prick, puncture (class.).

Lit.:

aliquem,

Cic. Sest. 10, 24:

acu comatoriā mihi malas pungebat,

Petr. 21:

vulnus quod acu punctum videretur,

Cic. Mil. 24, 65.—

Transf.

To pierce into, penetrate, enter:

corpus,

Lucr. 2, 460 (v. the passage in connection).—

To affect sensibly, to sting, bite: ut pungat colubram: cum pupugerit, etc., Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 894 P.:

pungunt sensum,

Lucr. 4, 625:

aliquem manu,

to pinch, Petr. 87 fin.:

nitrum adulteratum pungit,

has a pungent taste, Plin. 31, 10, 46, § 114.—

To press, hasten:

futura pungunt, nec se superari sinunt,

Pub. Syr. v. 177 Rib.—

Trop., to prick, sting, vex, grieve, trouble, disturb, afflict, mortify, annoy, etc.:

scrupulus aliquem stimulat ac pungit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:

epistula illa ita me pupugit, ut somnum mihi ademerit,

id. Att. 2, 16, 1:

jamdudum meum ille pectus pungit aculeus,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 158:

pungit me, quod scribis, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 7, 15, 1:

si paupertas momordit, si ignominia pupugit,

id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82:

quos tamen pungit aliquid,

id. ib. 5, 35, 102:

odi ego, quos numquam pungunt suspiria somnos,

Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 27. —Hence, punctus, a, um, P. a., pricked in, like a point; hence, of time: puncto tempore (cf.: puncto temporis; v. infra), in an instant, in a moment (only in Lucr.), Lucr. 2, 263; 456; 1006; 4, 216; 6, 230.—Hence, subst. in two forms.

punctum, i, n., that which is pricked or pricked in, a point, small hole, puncture.

Lit. (very rare), Mart. 11, 45, 6.—

Transf.

A point, small spot (as if made by pricking):

ova punctis distincta,

Plin. 10, 52, 74, § 144:

gemma sanguineis punctis,

id. 37, 8, 34, § 113:

puncta quae terebrantur acu,

Mart. 11, 46, 2:

ferream frontem convulnerandam praebeant punctis,

i. e. with the marks of slavery, Plin. Pan. 35.—

In partic.

A point made in writing, Aus. Epigr. 35, 1; 145, 5;

as a punctuation mark,

Diom. p. 432 P.—

A mathematical point. Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 116.—

A point or spot on dice: quadringenis in punctum sestertiis aleam lusit, Suet. Ner. [p. 1492] 30; Aus. Prof. 1, 29.—

A point or dot as the sign of a vote, made in a waxen tablet, before the introduction of separate ballots;

hence, transf.,

a vote, suffrage, ballot, Cic. Planc. 22, 53; id. Mur. 34, 72; id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62.—Hence, poet., applause, approbation:

omne tulit punctum qui miscuit utile dulci,

Hor. A. P. 343:

discedo Alcaeus puncto illius,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 99; Aus. Grat. Act. ad Grat. 5.—

A point on the bar of a steelyard, indicating the weight:

diluis helleborum, certo compescere puncto nescius examen,

Pers. 5, 100.—

A small part of any thing divided or measured off, e.g.,

A small weight, Pers. 5, 100.—

A small liquid measure, Front. Aquaed. 25.—

A small portion of time, an instant, a moment (cf. momentum):

puncto temporis eodem,

in the same moment, Cic. Sest. 24, 53; cf.:

ne punctum quidem temporis,

id. Phil. 8, 7, 20; Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 7:

nullo puncto temporis intermisso,

id. N. D. 1, 20, 52; Caes. B. C. 2, 14.—In plur.:

omnibus minimis temporum punctis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 67:

animi discessus a corpore fit ad punctum temporis,

id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82:

temporis puncto omnes Uticam relinquunt,

Caes. B. C. 2, 25 fin.; Plin. Pan. 56:

horae,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 172:

diei,

Lucr. 4, 201.—Rarely absol.:

punctum est quod vivimus et adhuc puncto minus,

Sen. Ep. 49, 14, 3:

puncto brevissimo dilapsa domus,

App. M. 9, p. 235, 30; cf.:

quod momentum, quod immo temporis punctum, aut beneficio sterile aut vacuum laude,

Plin. Pan. 56, 2; Vulg. Isa. 54, 7.—

In space, a point:

ipsa terra ita mihi parva visa est, ut me imperii nostri, quo quasi punctum ejus attingimus, poeniteret,

Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16.—

In discourse, a small portion, brief clause, short section, Cic. Par. prooem. § 2; id. de Or. 2, 41, 177; Aus. Idyll. 12 prooem.—

puncta, ae, f. (very rare), a prick, puncture, Veg. Mil. 1, 12.

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* * *

com-pungo ( conp-), nxi, nctum, 3, v. a., to prick or puncture severely, to sting.

Prop. (rare but class.):

collum dolone,

Phaedr. 3, 6, 3:

aculeis urticae,

Col. 8, 14, 8:

acu,

Cels. 6, 18, 9:

barbarus compunctus notis Threïciis,

branded, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25:

(colores) qui compungunt aciem lacrumareque cogunt,

dazzle, Lucr. 2, 420; cf.

of heat and cold: sensus corporis,

id. 2, 432 (for Sen. Ep. 88, 39, v. compingo).—

Trop.

In gen.:

(dialectici) ipsi se compungunt suis acuminibus,

prick themselves with their own stings, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 158.—

In late Lat. compungi, to be goaded by the stings of conscience, to feel remorse, Lact. 4, 18, 14; Sulp. Sev. Dial. 3, 13; cf. compunctio.

com-pungo ( conp-), nxi, nctum, 3, v. a., to prick or puncture severely, to sting.

Prop. (rare but class.):

collum dolone,

Phaedr. 3, 6, 3:

aculeis urticae,

Col. 8, 14, 8:

acu,

Cels. 6, 18, 9:

barbarus compunctus notis Threïciis,

branded, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25:

(colores) qui compungunt aciem lacrumareque cogunt,

dazzle, Lucr. 2, 420; cf.

of heat and cold: sensus corporis,

id. 2, 432 (for Sen. Ep. 88, 39, v. compingo).—

Trop.

In gen.:

(dialectici) ipsi se compungunt suis acuminibus,

prick themselves with their own stings, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 158.—

In late Lat. compungi, to be goaded by the stings of conscience, to feel remorse, Lact. 4, 18, 14; Sulp. Sev. Dial. 3, 13; cf. compunctio.

fŏdĭo, fōdi, fossum, 3 (ante-class. form of the inf. praes. pass. fodiri, Cato, R. R. 2, 4; Col. 11, 2, 35, but not in Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 21, where the correct read. is exfodivi.— Also acc. to the first conj.: Illyrii restant sicis sibinisque fodantes, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 336 Müll.; cf.: fodare fodere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 84, 7 Müll.), v. n. and a. [Sanscr. root badh-, to dig, ava-bādha, dug out; Gr. bathos, bathus, benthos, abussos, etc., bothros, pit; hence, fossa, fundus (for fudnus); cf. Anglo-Sax. bodom; Engl. bottom; Germ. Boden, etc.; cf. Fick, Vergl. Wörterb. p. 131; Grimm, Deutsch. Wörterb. s. v. Boden], to dig, dig up, dig out (class.).—

Lit.:

numquam domum revertor, quin te in fundo conspicer Fodere aut arare,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 17; cf.: fodit;

invenit auri aliquantum,

Cic. Div. 2, 65, 134; and id. de Or. 2, 41, 174:

vineas novellas fodere aut arare et postea occare,

Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 1; cf.:

ut hortum fodiat,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 59:

hortum,

Cato, R. R. 2, 4:

arva,

Ov. M. 11, 33:

solum,

Plin. 19, 6, 32:

vites,

Quint. 9, 4, 5:

murum,

to undermine, Ov. M. 11, 535; but, vallum, to dig out the earth needed for it, Tac. A. 11, 18:

puteum ferramentis,

to dig, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 19; so,

puteos,

Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:

scrobes, trium in altitudinem pedum,

id. B. G. 7, 73, 5:

fundamenta,

Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 15:

cubilia (talpae),

Verg. G. 1, 183:

argentum etiam incolae fodiunt,

Liv. 28, 3, 3:

gypsum e terra,

Plin. 36, 24, 59, § 182:

oculos,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 21; cf.

lumina,

Ov. A. A. 1, 339:

terram gramineam de cespite,

Verg. Cul. 391.—

Transf., to prick, pierce, wound, thrust, stab (class.):

at ego te pendentem fodiam stimulis triginta dies,

to prick, Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 48:

quia non latus fodi (cultro),

id. Aul. 3, 2, 4; so,

equi armos calcaribus,

Verg. A. 6, 881:

guttura cultro,

Ov. M. 7, 315:

ora hastis,

Liv. 8, 10, 6:

aversos (elephantos) sub caudis, qua maxime molli cute vulnera accipiunt,

id. 21, 55:

multos pugionibus,

Tac. H. 4, 29:

Sarmatam levi gladio,

id. ib. 1, 79:

ora,

id. A. 2, 21; id. Agr. 36:

adversa ora resistentium,

Curt. 4, 15: La. Dic jussisse te. Ph. Noli fodere:

jussi,

don't punch me in the side, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 17 (cf. fodicare).— Poet.:

Ausonius mersis celer fodit aequora remis,

digs through, ploughs through, Sil. 14, 359:

aquas (ungula),

Ov. F. 3, 456.—In mal. part., Mart. 7, 102; Auct. Priap. 53.—

Trop., to goad, sting, disturb:

num exspectas, dum te stimulis fodiam?

Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 86; cf.:

cor stimulo foditur,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 39:

pungit dolor, vel fodiat sane,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 14, 33:

pectus in iras,

to excite, stir, Sil. 5, 159.

stĭmŭlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [id.], to prick with a goad, to prick or goad on, to urge on (syn. pungo).

Lit. (post-Aug. and rare):

quadrijugos flagello,

Sil. 4, 439:

equos calcaribus,

Val. Max. 3, 2, 9; for which, poet. transf.:

turbatos currus,

Luc. 7, 570; Sil. 16, 367:

aries stimulatus,

Col. 7, 3, 5.—

Trop., to goad, torment, vex, trouble, disquiet, disturb (class. and freq.;

syn. agito): jactor, crucior, agitor, stimulor, vorsor in amoris rota miser,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 4:

hunc sibi ex animo scrupulum, qui se dies noctesque stimulat ac pungit, ut evellatis, postulat,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:

larvae stimulant virum,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 66:

te conscientiae stimulant maleficiorum tuorum,

Cic. Par. 2, 18:

me nunc et congressus hujus (Caesaris) stimulat,

id. Att. 9, 15, 2:

me haec solitudo minus stimulat quam ista celebritas,

id. ib. 12, 13, 1:

consulem cura de minore filio stimulabat,

Liv. 44, 44:

stimulatus furenti rabie,

Cat. 63, 4:

curis animum stimulantibus,

Claud. in Ruf. 2, 326.—

In gen., to rouse up, set in motion; to spur on, incite, stimulate to any action (syn. cieo, excio).

With simple acc.:

Phrygio stimulat numero cava tibia mentes,

Lucr. 2, 620:

aliquem,

Liv. 3, 68, 10:

avita gloria animum stimulabat,

id. 1, 22, 2:

irā stimulante animos,

id. 1, 12, 1; 30, 11:

cupido animum stimulabat,

Curt. 4, 7, 8; 6, 5, 19:

stimulata pellicis irā,

Ov. M. 4, 235.—With inanim. objects:

jurgia praecipue vino stimulata,

Ov. A. A. 1, 591:

Persicorum sucus sitim stimulat,

Plin. 23, 7, 67, § 132; so,

venerem,

id. 20, 5, 15, § 32; cf.

conceptus,

id. 2, 8, 6, § 38:

fugam hostium,

id. 9, 8, 9, § 32:

iras functas,

to revive, arouse, Stat. Th. 12, 437. —

With ad:

ad alicujus salutem defendendam stimulari atque excitari,

Cic. Planc. 28, 69:

ad perturbandam rempublicam,

Sall. C. 18, 4:

ad arma,

Liv. 1, 23, 7:

ad iram,

Tac. H. 2, 44.—

With in:

injuriae dolor in Tarquinium eos stimulabat,

Liv. 1, 40, 4:

animos eorum irā in hostes stimulando,

id. 21, 11, 3; cf.

in a mixed construction: ad iram saepius quam in formidinem stimulabantur,

Tac. H. 2, 44 fin. —

With ut or ne:

vetus nostra simultas antea stimulabat me, ut caverem, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 4:

rubore stimulabantur, ne clientulorum loco numerarentur,

Tac. Or. 37; Curt. 7, 7, 26.—

Poet., with inf.:

festinare fugam... iterum stimulat,

Verg. A. 4, 576:

stimulante metu fati praenoscere cursus,

Luc. 6, 423:

juvencos jactare accensis stimulavi cornibus ignes,

Sil. 12, 504.—

Absol.:

stimulante fame,

Ov. Tr. 1, 6, 9:

stimulante conscientiā,

Curt. 5, 11, 7:

metu stimulante,

id. 7, 7, 26.

* * *

* * *

to prick, sting, jab.

a prick, little hole, puncture / a point, spot, place.

, pupugi, punctum

to prick, puncture, stab / touch, move.

to penetrate / sting, annoy, harrass.